Fabrication and characteristics of self‐aggregation nanoparticles used for conformance control treatment

In order to alleviate the contradiction between injectability of the profile control agent and its profile control performance, a novel core‐shell heterogeneous structure colloidal particles (CSA) were synthesized, and the mechanism of self‐aggregation plugging was proposed. Cross‐linking inside the nanoparticles and chain‐growth polymerization via capturing acrylamide in the aqueous phase result in the formation of core‐shell heterogeneous structures as proved by TEM observation and XPS analysis. Moreover, CSA nanoparticles exhibit good hydrophilic properties, outstanding thermal stability and limited expansion capacity. Effects of different metal cations and surface group on the self‐aggregation time of CSA nanoparticles were systematically studied. Results showed that divalent cations contributed to more significant aggregation of CSA nanoparticles in comparison to monovalent cations. The increasing cations concentration and valency decreased the thickness of electric double layer, which lead to a decrease in the zeta potential. Core flooding test shows that the injection of nanoparticles which diameter is much smaller that of pore‐throats into the target reservoir can not only successfully enter the depth of porous media, but also effectively block the high permeability areas by the formation of self‐aggregation particle clusters. This study provides a new method for the equilibrium between nanoparticles injectivity and in‐depth profile control of nanoparticles.     

Ultrafast synthesis of near-infrared-emitting aqueous CdTe/CdS quantum dots with high fluorescence

The traditional aqueous route to synthesis CdTe/CdS Core/shell (c/s) quantum dots (QDs) via decomposition of Cd-thiol complexes is usually time consuming. Herein, an ultrafast and facile aqueous synthetic approach under atmospheric pressure for CdTe/CdS c/s QDs with emission from the green to the near-infrared window (535–820 nm) is reported. With purified CdTe core QDs diluted in solution of Cd-3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) complexes, CdTe/CdS c/s QDs with emission wavelengths at 700 and 800 nm can be obtained within 20- and 45-min refluxing under the optimized experimental conditions, respectively. This is the most rapid way to prepare CdTe/CdS c/s QDs in aqueous phase, and the obtained QDs were highly luminescent without postsynthesis treatment. The influences of various experimental factors, including Cd²⁺ concentration, MPA-to-Cd ratio, pH value, and dilution ratio on the growth rate and luminescent properties of the obtained CdTe/CdS c/s QDs, have been taken into consideration. The three processes “purification-dilution-addition” ensure the synthesis environment with high pH value and low core concentration and have a marked impact on the rapid synthesis rate and the resulting high fluorescence of CdTe/CdS c/s QDs.     

Preparation and properties of ZnMoO4 anode materials with polymer network gel method

Polymer network gel method combines the advantages of solid-phase method and liquid phase method, triggering acrylamide (AM) radical polymerization in aqueous solution and N, N′- methylene bis acrylamide (MBAM) active double bond cross-linking reaction, forming polymer chains to form a three-dimensional network. The polymer network space formed by the gel is bound and evenly distributed to the ions in the solution, thereby reducing the contact and aggregation of molecules and achieving the purpose of uniform particle size and small particle size. The principle diagram of network gel is shown in Figure. Using cubic zinc acetate and ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate as raw materials, cubic ZnMoO₄ negative electrode materials were prepared with polymer network gel method. The polymer network gel method has various effects on the structure, morphology and electrochemical properties of materials. Besides, the calcination temperature and calcination time were also the key factors to the electrochemical properties of the materials. In this paper, the effects of the ratio of monomer and crosslinker, calcination temperature and calcination time on ZnMoO₄ materials were studied by single variable method, the preparation process was optimized, and its characterization and electrochemical tests were carried out. After 100 cycles, the optimized ZnMoO₄ electrode has a discharge capacity of 374.0 mAh· g^?1, 332.5, 263.5 and 177.1 mAh · g^?1 at current densities of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 A g^?1, respectively. The electrochemical results show that the optimized ZnMoO₄ has high capacity, large rate capability and excellent cycle stability.     

Carboxylated graphene oxide/polyvinyl chloride as solid-phase extraction sorbent combined with ion chromatography for the determination of sulfonamides in cosmetics

A carboxylated graphene oxide/polyvinyl chloride (CGO/PVC) material was prepared as a sorbent for the selective extraction of sulphonamides from complex sample. After being dispersed in buffer solution, sample was transferred into the prefabricated solid-phase extraction (SPE) column, which integrated extraction and cleanup into one single-step. A multi-response optimization based on the Box-Behnken design was used to optimize factors affecting extraction efficiency. Compared with the commonly commercial sorbents including MCX, WCX and C₁₈, CGO/PVC hybrid material had higher extraction selectivity and capacity to sulphonamides. The limits of detection and quantification for seven target compounds were in the range of 3.4–7.1 μg/L and 11.4–23.7 μg/L, respectively. The self-assembly SPE cartridge was successfully used to enrich seven analytes in anti-acne cosmetics prior to ion chromatography detection with good recoveries of 87.8–102.0% and relative standard deviations of 1.2–6.4%, implying that this method was suitable for routine analysis of cosmetics.     

New Monoterpenoids from Fruits of Gardenia jasminoides var. radicans

One new lactone, cyclopentanepyrone A ( 1 ), and two new monoterpenoids, gardeterpenone A ( 2 ) and jasminoside V ( 3 ), were isolated from the fruits of Gardenia jasminoides var. radicans, along with four known monoterpenoids, 4 – 7 , which were isolated from this plant for the first time. The structures of the isolates were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic studies, including UV, IR, 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR, ESI‐MS, HR‐ESI‐MS, and CD experiments.     

Silicification‐Induced Cell Aggregation for the Sustainable Production of H2 under Aerobic Conditions

Photobiological hydrogen production is of great importance because of its promise for generating clean renewable energy. In nature, green algae cannot produce hydrogen as a result of the extreme sensitivity of hydrogenase to oxygen. However, we find that silicification‐induced green algae aggregates can achieve sustainable photobiological hydrogen production even under natural aerobic conditions. The core–shell structure of the green algae aggregates creates a balance between photosynthetic electron generation and hydrogenase activity, thus allowing the production of hydrogen. This finding provides a viable pathway for the solar‐driven splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen to develop green energy alternatives by using rationally designed cell–material complexes.     

藤黄酸重排反应产物研究

藤黄酸能显著抑制多种人类肿瘤细胞的增殖,在酸性环境中易发生重排反应,其重排产物对肿瘤细胞也具有很强的抑制作用.通过波谱技术确定了两个藤黄酸的重排反应产物的结构并归属了其波谱数据.细胞毒活性测试显示,两个重排产物对A549,HCT116和MDA-MB-231显示很强的抑制作用.     

The stereocomplex formation and phase separation of PLLA/PDLA blends with different optical purities and molecular weights

In this study, the poly(L-lactide)/poly(D-lactide)(PLLA/PDLA) blends with different optical purities of PLLA and various molecular weights of PDLA are prepared by solution mixing, and the stereocomplex formation and phase separation behaviors of these blends are investigated. Results reveal that optical purity and molecular weight do not vary the crystal structure of PLA stereocomplex(sc) and homochiral crystallites(hc). As the optical purity increasing in the blends, the melting temperature of sc(Tsc) and the content of sc(ΔHsc) increased, while the melting temperature of hc(Thm) hardly changes, although the content of hc(ΔHhm) decreased gradually. The Tsc and ΔHsc are also enhanced as the molecular weight of PDLA reduces, and the ΔHhm reduces rapidly even though the Thm does not vary apparently. With lower optical purities of PLLA and higher molecular weights of PDLA, three types of crystals form in the blends, i.e., PLA sc, PLLA hc and PDLA hc. As molecular weight decreases and optical purity enhances, the crystal phase decreases to two(sc and PDLA hc), and one(sc) finally. This investigation indicates that the phase separation behavior between PLLA and PDLA in the PLLA/PDLA blends not only depends on molecular weights, but also relies on the optical purities of polymers.     

Structure Modification Function of g‐C3N4 for Al2O3 in the In Situ Hydrothermal Process for Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity

Heterojunctions of g‐C₃N₄/Al₂O₃ (g‐C₃N₄=graphitic carbon nitride) are constructed by an in situ one‐pot hydrothermal route based on the development of photoactive γ‐Al₂O₃ semiconductor with a mesoporous structure and a high surface area (188 m²g^?1) acting as electron acceptor. A structure modification function of g‐C₃N₄ for Al₂O₃ in the hydrothermal process is found, which can be attributed to the coordination between unoccupied orbitals of the Al ions and lone‐pair electrons of the N atoms. The as‐synthesized heterojunctions exhibit much higher photocatalytic activity than pure g‐C₃N₄. The hydrogen generation rate and the reaction rate constant for the degradation of methyl orange over 50 % g‐C₃N₄/Al₂O₃ under visible‐light irradiation (λ>420 nm) are 2.5 and 7.3 times, respectively, higher than those over pristine g‐C₃N₄. The enhanced activity of the heterojunctions is attributed to their large specific surface areas, their close contact, and the high interfacial areas between the components as well as their excellent adsorption performance, and efficient charge transfer ability.